• Agreement between reconstructed and modeled boreal precipitation of the Last Interglacial 

      Scussolini, Paolo; Bakker, Pepijn; Guo, Chuncheng; Stepanek, Christian; Qiong, Zhang; Braconnot, Pascale; Cao, Jian; Guarino, Maria-Vittoria; Coumou, Dim; Prange, Matthias; Ward, Philip J.; Renssen, Hans; Kageyama, Masa; Otto-Bliesner, Bette; Aerts, Jeroen C.J.H. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      The last extended time period when climate may have been warmer than today was during the Last Interglacial (LIG; ca. 129 to 120 thousand years ago). However, a global view of LIG precipitation is lacking. Here, seven new ...
    • Comparison of past and future simulations of ENSO in CMIP5/PMIP3 and CMIP6/PMIP4 models 

      Brown, Josephine; Brierley, Chris; Soon-Il, An; Guarino, Maria-Vittoria; Stevenson, Samantha; Williams, Charles J. R.; Zhang, Qiong; Zhao, Anni; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Braconnot, Pascale; Brady, Esther C.; Chandan, Deepak; D'Agostino, Roberta; Guo, Chuncheng; Legrande, Allegra N.; Lohmann, Gerrit; Morozova, Polina A.; Ohgaito, Rumi; O'ishi, Ryouta; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Peltier, W. Richard; Shi, Xiaoxu; Sime, Louise C.; Volodin, Evgeny M.; Zhang, Zhongshi; Zheng, Weipeng (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest mode of interannual climate variability in the current climate, influencing ecosystems, agriculture, and weather systems across the globe, but future projections of ENSO ...
    • Equilibrium simulations of Marine Isotope Stage 3 climate 

      Guo, Chuncheng; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Bentsen, Mats; Bethke, Ingo; Zhang, Zhongshi (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      An equilibrium simulation of Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) climate with boundary conditions characteristic of Greenland Interstadial 8 (GI-8; 38 kyr BP) is carried out with the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM). A ...
    • Evaluating the large-scale hydrological cycle response within the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) ensemble 

      Han, Zixuan; Zhang, Qiong; Li, Qiang; Feng, Ran; Haywood, Alan M.; Tindall, Julia C.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Brady, Esther C.; Rosenbloom, Nan; Zhang, Zhongshi; Li, Xiangyu; Guo, Chuncheng; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Stepanek, Christian; Lohmann, Gerrit; Sohl, Linda E.; Chandler, Mark A.; Tan, Ning; Ramstein, Gilles; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Von Der Heydt, Anna S.; Chandan, Deepak; Peltier, W. Richard; Williams, Charles J. R.; Lunt, Daniel J.; Cheng, Jianbo; Wen, Qin; Burls, Natalie J. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The mid-Pliocene (∼3 Ma) is one of the most recent warm periods with high CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere and resulting high temperatures, and it is often cited as an analog for near-term future climate change. Here, ...
    • The hydrological cycle and ocean circulation of the Maritime Continent in the Pliocene: results from PlioMIP2 

      Ren, Xin; Lunt, Daniel J.; Hendy, Erica; Von Der Heydt, Anna; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Otto-Bliesner, Bette; Williams, Charles J. R.; Stepanek, Christian; Guo, Chuncheng; Chandan, Deepak; Lohmann, Gerrit; Tindall, Julia C.; Sohl, Linda E.; Chandler, Mark A.; Kageyama, Masa; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Tan, Ning; Zhang, Qiong; Feng, Ran; Hunter, Stephen; Chan, Wing-Le; Peltier, W. Richard; Li, Xiangyu; Kamae, Youichi; Zhang, Zhongshi; Haywood, Alan M. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      The Maritime Continent (MC) forms the western boundary of the tropical Pacific Ocean, and relatively small changes in this region can impact the climate locally and remotely. In the mid-Piacenzian warm period of the Pliocene ...
    • Large-scale features of Last Interglacial climate: results from evaluating the lig127k simulations for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6)–Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) 

      Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Brady, Esther C.; Zhao, Anni; Brierley, Chris M.; Axford, Yarrow; Capron, Emilie; Govin, Aline; Hoffman, Jeremy S.; Isaacs, Elizabeth; Kageyama, Masa; Scussolini, Paolo; Tzedakis, Polychronis C.; Williams, Charles J.R.; Wolff, Eric W.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Braconnot, Pascale; Ramos Buarque, Silvana; Cao, Jian; de Vernal, Anne; Vittoria Guarino, Maria; Guo, Chuncheng; Legrande, Allegra N.; Lohmann, Gerrit; Meissner, Katrin J.; Menviel, Laurie; Morozova, Polina A.; Nisancioglu, Kerim H.; O'Ishi, Ryouta; Mélia, David Salas Y.; Shi, Xaoxu; Sicard, Marie; Sime, Louise C.; Stepanek, Christian; Tomas, Robert A.; Volodin, Evgeny; Yeung, Nicholas K.H.; Zhang, Qiong; Zhang, Zhongshi; Zheng, Weipeng (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The modeling of paleoclimate, using physically based tools, is increasingly seen as a strong out-of-sample test of the models that are used for the projection of future climate changes. New to the Coupled Model Intercomparison ...
    • Mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation simulated in PlioMIP2 

      Zhang, Zhongshi; Li, Xiangyu; Guo, Chuncheng; Otterå, Odd Helge; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Tan, Ning; Contoux, Camille; Ramstein, Gilles; Feng, Ran; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Brady, Esther C.; Chandan, Deepak; Richard Peltier, Peltier; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Von Der Heydt, Anna S.; Weiffenbach, Julia E.; Stepanek, Christian; Lohmann, Gerrit; Zhang, Qiong; Li, Qiang; Chandler, Mark A.; Sohl, Linda E.; Haywood, Alan M.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Tindall, Julia C.; Williams, Charles; Lunt, Daniel J.; Chan, Wing-Le; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      In the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2), coupled climate models have been used to simulate an interglacial climate during the mid-Piacenzian warm period (mPWP; 3.264 to 3.025 Ma). Here, we compare ...
    • Mid-Pliocene West African Monsoon rainfall as simulated in the PlioMIP2 ensemble 

      Berntell, Ellen; Zhang, Qiong; Li, Qiang; Haywood, Alan M.; Tindall, Julia C.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Zhang, Zhongshi; Xiangyu, Li; Guo, Chuncheng; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Stepanek, Christian; Lohmann, Gerrit; Sohl, Linda E.; Chandler, Mark A.; Tan, Ning; Contoux, Camille; Ramstein, Gilles; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; von der Heydt, Anna S.; Chandan, Deepak; Peltier, W. Richard; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Chan, Wing-Le; Kamae, Youichi; Williams, Charles J. R.; Lunt, Daniel J.; Feng, Ran; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Brady, Esther C. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The mid-Pliocene warm period (mPWP; ∼3.2 million years ago) is seen as the most recent time period characterized by a warm climate state, with similar to modern geography and ∼400 ppmv atmospheric CO2 concentration, and ...
    • A multi-model CMIP6-PMIP4 study of Arctic sea ice at 127 ka: sea ice data compilation and model differences 

      Kageyama, Masa; Sime, Louise C.; Sicard, Marie; Guarino, Maria-Vittoria; De Vernal, A; Stein, Ruediger; Schroeder, david; Malmierca-Vallet, Irene; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Bitz, Cecilia M.; Braconnot, Pascale; Brady, Esther C.; Cao, Jian; Chamberlain, Matthew; Feltham, Danny; Guo, Chuncheng; Legrande, Allegra N.; Lohmann, Gerrit; Meissner, Katrin; Menviel, Laurie; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; O'ishi, Ryouta; Ramos Buarque, Silvan; Salas y Mélia, David; Sherriff-Tadano, Sam; Stroeve, Julienne C.; Shi, Xiaoxu; Sun, Bo; Thomas, Robert; Volodin, Evgeny; Yeung, Nicholas K.H.; Zhang, Qiong; Zhang, Zhongshi; Zheng, Weipeng; Ziehn, Tilo (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The Last Interglacial period (LIG) is a period with increased summer insolation at high northern latitudes, which results in strong changes in the terrestrial and marine cryosphere. Understanding the mechanisms for this ...
    • NorCPM1 and its contribution to CMIP6 DCPP 

      Bethke, Ingo; Wang, Yiguo; Counillon, Francois Stephane; Keenlyside, Noel Sebastian; Kimmritz, Madlen; Fransner, Filippa; Samuelsen, Annette; Langehaug, Helene R.; Svendsen, Lea; Chiu, Ping-Gin; Passos, Leilane G.; Bentsen, Mats; Guo, Chuncheng; Gupta, Alok Kumar; Tjiputra, Jerry; Kirkevåg, Alf; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Seland, Øyvind; Vågane, Julie Solsvik; Fan, Yuanchao; Eldevik, Tor (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The Norwegian Climate Prediction Model version 1 (NorCPM1) is a new research tool for performing climate reanalyses and seasonal-to-decadal climate predictions. It combines the Norwegian Earth System Model version 1 (NorESM1) ...
    • Overview of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) and key climate response of CMIP6 DECK, historical, and scenario simulations 

      Seland, Øyvind; Bentsen, Mats; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Toniazzo, Thomas; Gjermundsen, Ada; Graff, Lise Seland; Debernard, Jens Boldingh; Gupta, Alok Kumar; He, Yan-Chun; Kirkevåg, Alf; Schwinger, Jörg; Tjiputra, Jerry; Aas, Kjetil Schanke; Bethke, Ingo; Fan, Yuanchao; Griesfeller, Jan; Grini, Alf; Guo, Chuncheng; Ilicak, Mehmet; Karset, Inger Helene H.; Landgren, Oskar Andreas; Liakka, Johan; Moseid, Kine Onsum; Nummelin, Aleksi; Spensberger, Clemens; Tang, Hui; Zhang, Zhongshi; Heinze, Christoph; Iversen, Trond; Schulz, Michael (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The second version of the coupled Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) is presented and evaluated. NorESM2 is based on the second version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) and shares with CESM2 the computer ...
    • Past terrestrial hydroclimate sensitivity controlled by Earth system feedbacks 

      Feng, Ran; Bhattacharya, Tripti; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Brady, Esther C.; Haywood, Alan M.; Tindall, Julia C.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Chan, Wing-Le; Kageyama, Masa; Contoux, Camille; Guo, Chuncheng; Li, Xiangyu; Lohmann, Gerrit; Stepanek, Christian; Tan, Ning; Zhang, Qiong; Zhang, Zhongshi; Han, Zixuan; Williams, Charles J. R.; Lunt, Daniel J.; Dowsett, Harry J.; Chandan, Deepak; Peltier, W. Richard (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Despite tectonic conditions and atmospheric CO2 levels (pCO2) similar to those of present-day, geological reconstructions from the mid-Pliocene (3.3-3.0 Ma) document high lake levels in the Sahel and mesic conditions in ...
    • The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2: large-scale climate features and climate sensitivity 

      Haywood, Alan M.; Tindall, Julia C.; Dowsett, Harry J.; Dolan, Aisling M.; Foley, Kevin M.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Hill, Daniel J.; Chan, Wing-Le; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Stepanek, Christian; Lohmann, Gerrit; Chandan, Deepak; Peltier, Richard W.; Tan, Ning; Contoux, Camille; Ramstein, Gilles; Li, Xiangyu; Zhang, Zhongshi; Guo, Chuncheng; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Zhang, Qiong; Li, Qiang; Kamae, Youichi; Chandler, Mark A.; Sohl, Linda E.; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Feng, Ran; Brady, Esther C.; von der Heydt, Anna S.; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Lunt, Daniel J (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The Pliocene epoch has great potential to improve our understanding of the long-term climatic and environmental consequences of an atmospheric CO2 concentration near ~ 400 parts per million by volume. Here we present the ...
    • Reduced El Niño variability in the mid-Pliocene according to the PlioMIP2 ensemble 

      Oldeman, Arthur M.; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Von Der Heydt, Anna S.; Dijkstra, Henk A.; Tindall, Julia C.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Booth, Alice R.; Brady, Esther C.; Chan, Wing-Le; Chandan, Deepak; Chandler, Mark A.; Contoux, Camille; Feng, Ran; Guo, Chuncheng; Haywood, Alan M.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Kamae, Youichi; Li, Qiang; Li, Xiangyu; Lohmann, Gerrit; Lunt, Daniel J.; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Peltier, W. Richard; Pontes, Gabriel M.; Ramstein, Gilles; Sohl, Linda E.; Stepanek, Christian; Tan, Ning; Zhang, Qiong; Zhang, Zhongshi; Wainer, Ilana; Williams, Charles J. R. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021)
      The mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264–3.025 Ma) is the most recent geological period during which atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to recent historical values (∼400 ppm). Several proxy reconstructions for the mid-Pliocene ...
    • Unraveling the mechanisms and implications of a stronger mid-Pliocene Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in PlioMIP2 

      Weiffenbach, Julia E.; Baatsen, Michiel L. J.; Dijkstra, Henk A.; Von Der Heydt, Anna S.; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako; Brady, Esther C.; Chan, Wing-Le; Chandan, Deepak; Chandler, Mark A.; Contoux, Camille; Feng, Ran; Guo, Chuncheng; Han, Zixuan; Haywood, Alan M.; Li, Qiang; Li, Xiangyu; Lohmann, Gerrit; Lunt, Daniel J.; Nisancioglu, Kerim Hestnes; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Peltier, W. Richard; Ramstein, Gilles; Sohl, Linda E.; Stepanek, Christian; Tan, Ning; Tindall, Julia C.; Williams, Charles J. R.; Zhang, Qiong; Zhang, Zhongshi (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      The mid-Pliocene warm period (3.264–3.025 Ma) is the most recent geological period in which the atmospheric CO2 concentration was approximately equal to the concentration we measure today (ca. 400 ppm). Sea surface temperature ...